Dairy Jeopardy

2004 Sample Questions

The questions below are taken from Hoard’s Dairyman and Holstein World. Two asterisks (**) represent questions that are for intermediate and senior levels only. Intermediate and senior level contestants will be responsible for all questions. Senior level questions shall include but are not limited to these questions. Senior level questions can be taken from any source recommended for Dairy Jeopardy and Holstein Dairy Bowl.

1. What company controls more than 40% of the North American cheese business?

Kraft Foods (HD 5/03 p.335)

2. What is hyperkeratosis?

Rough teat ends (HD 5/03 p.341)

3. What shape of teats are the most susceptible to rough teat ends?

Long, pointed teats (HD 5/03 p.341)

4. What term is defined as the time the teat is exposed to high vacuum with low milk flow?

Overmilking (HD 5/03 p.341)

5. What is lag time?

Time from stripping teats to putting on the units (HD 5/03 p.341)

6. What part of the milking routine is considered the most important?

Lag time/udder prep; stimulates milk let-down (HD 5/03 p.341)

7. When discussing milking systems what do the initials ATO represent?

Automatic take-offs (HD 5/03 p.341)

8. **What should claw vacuum be during peak milk flow?

11.5 to 12.5 inches (HD 5/03 p.341)

9. When discussing fertilizer what do the initials “K”, “P” and “N” represent?

K-potassium, P-phosphorus and N–nitrogen (HD 5/03 p.342)

10. What do the initials MILC represent?

Milk Income Loss Contract (HD 5/03 p.346)

11. What new income support program was created by the 2002 Farm Bill to provide additional milk revenues and incentives to produce certain amounts of milk?

MILC (Milk Income Loss Contract) (HD 5/03 p.350)

12. **What do the initials SARA represent?

Subacute rumen acidosis (HD 5/03 p.352)

13. Name five gases/agents found on farms that can be inhaled and are poisonous to humans.

Ammonia, anhydrous ammonia, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, methane and nitrogen dioxide (HD 5/03 p.371)

14. **What is the chemical name for silo gas?

Nitrogen dioxide (HD 5/03 p.371)

15. **What period of time is the greatest danger for inhalation of silo gas?

48 hours after filling silo, danger exists up to 10 days (HD 5/03 p.371)

16. **You are repairing a farm tractor with the engine running in an enclosed area. What agent is most likely to accumulate in the air and can cause death of the individual?

Carbon monoxide (HD 5/03 p.371)

17. Do somatic cell scores have a positive, negative or no effect on milk production?

Negative (HD 5/03 p.375)

18. When a cow gets up from resting in which direction would she prefer to lunge?

Forward (HD 5/03 p.377)

19. **Soil compaction is a dynamic process that often occurs over a period of time. The “perfect” soil contains what percent minerals, water, air and organic matter?

45% minerals, 25% water, 25% air and 5% organic matter (HD 5/03 p.378)

20. **There are two types of soil compaction: surface and subsoil. What part of the soil is affected in surface compaction?

Top 6 to 8 inches- can severely limit water infiltration and raise the risk of erosion (HD 5/03 p.378)

21. **Name five negative results of soil compaction.

Reduced porosity, structural degradation, greater water runoff, difficult to “work”, stunted/uneven crop growth, reduced nutrient uptake, malformed roots and reduced yields (HD 5/03 p.378)

22. **Name two purposes of oxygen in soils.

Proper root respiration and active nutrient uptake (HD 5/03 p.378)

23. **Name three problems associated with heifer mastitis.

Can prevent proper development of milk secreting cells in the udder, infected heifers can introduce contagious mastitis pathogens into herds, may be at higher risk for problems as lactating cow (HD 5/03 P.381)

24. **Many dairy farms have SOP procedures for important farm tasks. SOP’s give employees a guide to do things right consistently and also provide a means of evaluating performance of employees. What do the initials SOP represent?

Standard operating procedures (HD 5/03 p.384)

25. **Backflush is a cluster sanitation method. What is the objective of backflushing?

To kill contagious mastitis pathogens on the liner surface after an infected cow has been milked (HD 5/03 p.386)

26. You are getting ready to infuse a cow with an intramammary antibiotic treatment for mastitis. What should you do before infusing the cow?

Wash hands, wear gloves, wipe teat ends with a separate alcohol pad (HD 5/03)

27. **Anaerobic manure digesters can reduce farm odors, provide better fertilizer, power generators and produce recycled bedding. Name four types of anaerobic digesters.

Covered lagoon digesters, complete mix digesters, plug-flow digesters and temperature-phased anaerobic digestion (HD 5/03 p.388)

28. From birth to about two weeks, the calf is a monogastric. What is a monogastric?

Simple stomached animal (HD 5/03 p.390)

29. In a mature cow the rumen is the largest stomach compartment with about 80% of the capacity. In a newborn calf which stomach compartment has the largest capacity?

Abomasum (HD 5/03 p.390)

30. Which stomach compartment is the smallest in newborn calves and mature cows?

Reticulum (HD 5/03 p.390)

31. **What event after a calf’s birth causes the esophageal grove to form?

When calves are fed colostrum/milk from a nipple or open pail (HD 5/03 p.390)

32. **For what purpose would you use a “scabbling” machine?

Improve traction on a concrete surface - makes better footing (HD 5/03 p.400)

33. Who was the first milk mustache celebrity?

Naomi Campbell (HD 6/03 p.407)

34. What is the most consumed beverage in the U.S.?

Soda (HD 6/03 p.407)

35. What do the initials DMI represent?

Dairy Management Inc. (HD 6/03 p.411)

36. **What is the name of the national dairy processor education program?

MilkPEP (HD 6/03 p.411)

37. In a study conducted at Virginia Tech approximately what percent of the profit per lactation was generated during the first 100 days?

50% (HD 6/02 p.412)

38. What is the name of the process whose main goal is to kill bacteria on the skin of the teats between milking?

Teat dipping (HD 6/03 p.422)

39. **Limiting water availability limits starter intake. About how many pounds of water are to be consumed with each pound of starter intake?

4 pounds (HD 6/03 p.436)

40. **What are the major components of NDF?

Carbohydrates and lignin (HD 7/03 p.451)

41. **In alfalfa which has the highest levels of NDF, leaves or stems?

Stems - 60 to 70% (HD 7/03 p.451)

42. **What do the initials SIP, DIP and UIP represent?

Soluble protein, degradable protein and undegradable (or unavailable) protein (HD 7/03 p.454)

43. **Urea is high in NH3. What is NH3?

Ammonia (HD 7/03 p.454)

44. **What is the nitrogen that is not incorporated into amino acids and protein?

Nonprotein nitrogen (HD 7/03 p.454)

45. **One pound of urea is equal to how many pounds of crude protein equivalent?

2.81 pounds (HD 7/03 p.454)

46. **What do the following abbreviations represent: NIAA, AIN and RFID?

National Institute for Animal Agriculture, American Identification Number and Radio Frequency Identification (HD 8/03 p.489)

47. **Where is information obtained from RFID housed? It is maintained by Holstein Association USA.

National Fair Animal Identification and Records database (HD 8/03 p.489)

48. What country is the world’s largest milk producer?

USA (HD 8/03 p.487)

49. When discussing dairy products what do the initials NFDM represent?

Nonfat dry milk (HD 8/03 p.487)

50. **In 2002 did the U.S. import or export more dairy products?

Imported (HD 8/03 p.487)

51. What do the initials MPC represent?

Milk protein concentrates (HD 8/03 p.487)

52. **What do the initials WTO represent?

World Trade Organization (HD 8/03 p.487)

53. **Bonnie Wentworth was President of what national dairy breed organization?

Ayrshire Breeders’ Association (HD 8/03 p.491)

54. **At their 2003 convention Executive Secretary Neal Smith reported that this breed sold almost 1 million units of semen?

Jersey (HD 8/03 p.490)

55. **What is a document called that shows your assets and liabilities?

Balance sheet (HD 8/03 p.497)

56. What genetic recessive trait is known as snydactylism?

Mule foot (HD 8/03 p.528)

57. **What do the initials HBS represent?

Hemorrhagic Bowel Syndrome (HD 8/03 p.528)

58. **In studies done at Virginia Tech which breed, Holstein or Jersey, had a longer estrus?

Jersey (HD 8/03 p.529)

59. **If you are using a natural service bull how many open cows should be allowed for each bull?

12 to 25 open cows (HD 8/03 p.528)

60. What is the primary protein in skimmed milk?

Casein (HD 8/03 p.530)

61. On what breeds of dairy cattle is calving ease calculated?

Holstein (HD 8/03 p.531)

62. **When did evaluations for Daughter Pregnancy Rate become available?

February 2003 (HD 8/03 p.531)

63. **What item in a bull’s proof is defined as the expected lifetime profit as compared with the breed base cows born in 1995?

Net Merit Dollars (HD 8/03 p.531)

64. **What do the following abbreviations represent: DPR, SCE and DCE?

Daughter Pregnancy Rate, Service Sire Calving Ease and Daughter Calving Ease (HD 8/03 p.531)

65. **In what year was Net Merit Dollars first introduced?

1994 (HD 8/03 p.531)

66. **In Net Merit Dollars 2003 how much emphasis was placed on milk?

None (HD 8/03 p.531)

67. **In NM$ 2003 how much emphasis was placed on production traits fat and protein?

55% (HD 8/03 p.531)

68. What is the number one reason for culling cows?

Poor reproduction (HD 8/03 p.531)

69. **What do these abbreviations represent: FM$ and CM$?

Fluid Merit Dollars and Cheese Merit Dollars (HD 8/03 p.531)

70. What do the initials CWT represent?

Cooperatives Working Together (HD 8/03 p.534)

71. **What percent increase in farm milk prices since 1999 has been the result of generic dairy advertising funded by dairy farmers and fluid milk processor checkoffs?

1.8% (HD 8/03 p.536)

72. **Do cows exceed or lag behind A.I. bulls in genetic change for all traits?

Lag behind (HD 8/03 p.545)

73. **Sire summaries are calculated by USDA-AIPL. What do the initials represent?

Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory (HD 8/03 p.545)

74. **AIPL requires how many days in milk to include a progeny test daughter in her sire’s genetic evaluation for DPR?

250 days (HD 8/03 p.545)

75. **How are days open calculated?

By subtracting 280 from calving interval - without last breeding date (HD 8/03 p.545)

76. What do the initials TPI and UDC represent?

Type Production Index and Udder Composite Score (HD 8/03 p.544)

77. What do the initials PTA and SCS represent?

Predicted Transmitting Ability and Somatic Cell Score (HD 8/03 p.544)

78. SCS represents Somatic Cell Score. Which is more desirable: a lower score or a higher score?

Lower score (HD 8/03 p.544)

79. **What parasite infection where canines are found to be a carrier causes abortions, especially mid-term abortions?

Neospora (HD 8/03 p.546)

80. Who is responsible for the phrase “Foster Mother of the Human Race”?

W. D. Hoard (HD 8/03 p.548)

81. **What is the name of the respiratory disease syndrome that can develop in cattle following transport or movement?

Shipping fever (HD 8/03 p.558)

82. **Biotin, a B vitamin is produced by microorganisms in what body part?

Rumen (HD 9/03 p.568)

83. **There are five milk ultrafiltration plants in the U.S. A UF plant will concentrate milk to about one-third of its volume by removing water and what else?

Lactose (HD 9/03 p.563)

84. **GnRH is a protein that is synthesized in the brain and acts to help secrete FSH and LH. What do the initials GnRH, FSH and LH represent?

Gonadotropin releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone (HD 9/03 p.574)

85. What do the initials PMO represent?

Pasteurized Milk Ordinance (HD 9/03 p.579)

86. What is the name of the uniform set of regulations that govern the production and processing of Grade A milk?

Pasteurized Milk Ordinance (HD 9/03 p.579)

87. **NCIMS is a cooperative program between FDA, the dairy industry and all 50 states. What do the initials NCIMS represent?

National Conference on Interstate Milk Shipments (HD 9/03 p.579)

88. **When young calves are housed in cold environments, boosting fat content of milk replacer to 20% can improve what?

Energy balance (HD 9/03 p.575)

89. Which state leads the nation in alfalfa production?

California (HD 9/03 p.590)

90. Which country has the largest number of Registered Holstein cows?

Germany (HD 9/03 p.591)

91. **What is the name of the first carbonated dairy based beverage marketed by MAC Farms of Massachusetts?

Refreshing Power Milk or RPM (HD 9/03 p.591)

92. **Poor footing and heat stress can cause what percent reduction in fertility due to fewer displays of heat and lowered conception rates?

50% (HD 9/03 p.596)

93. Cows on what kind of surface will usually show more heats?

Dirt (HD 9/03 p.596)

94. **What term is defined as pounds of milk produced per pound of dry matter?

Feed efficiency (HD 9/03 p.604)

95. **What is the name of the term that defines the net income divided by total assets?

Return on Assets or ROA (HD 9/03 p.609)

96. **What is “return on equity”?

Net income divided by ownership equity (HD 9/03 p.609)

97. **What dairy organization does Ed Peck serve as President?

Red & White Dairy Cattle Association (HD 9/03 p.615)

98. **From 1980 to 2003 what year had the highest average milk price?

1998 - $14.20 (HD 9/03 p.619)

99. **From 1980 to 2003 what year had the lowest average milk price?

2000 - $9.74 (HD 9/03 p.619)

100. **From 1980 to 2003 the average milk price has gone from a high of $14.20 to a low of $9.74. Which month in this 23 year period had the highest average price?

September - $12.60 (HD 9/03 p.619)

101. **What are the two methods approved for pasteurizing milk allowed by PMO?

1. Low temperature, long time (LTLT) 145 degrees F for 30 minutes